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1862(s); 1862 land grant(s); 1862 institutions

Institutions eligible to receive funds under the Act of July 2, 1862. The Act created the first land grant universities in each state and territory for the purpose of providing college-level instruction of agricultural and mechanical arts, as well as of the classics and military tactics, to the common man in order to prepare them for the “professions of life.” The 1862 land grant institutions are: Auburn University (AL), University of Alaska, American Samoa Community College, University of Arizona, University of Arkansas, University of California – Davis, Colorado State University, University of Connecticut-New Haven, University of Connecticut-Storrs, University of Delaware, University of the District of Columbia, University of Florida, University of Georgia, University of Guam, University of Hawaii, University of Idaho, University of Illinois, Purdue University (IN), Iowa State University, Kansas State University, University of Kentucky, Louisiana State University, University of Maine, University of Maryland, University of Massachusetts, Michigan State University, College of Micronesia, University of Minnesota, Mississippi State University, University of Missouri, Montana State University, University of Nebraska, University of Nevada – Reno, University of New Hampshire, Rutgers University (NJ), New Mexico State University, Cornell University (NY), Cornell University-Geneva, North Carolina State University, North Dakota State University, Northern Marianas College, Ohio State University, Oklahoma State University, Oregon State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Puerto Rico, University of Rhode Island, Clemson University (SC), South Dakota State University, University of Tennessee, Texas A&M University, Utah State University, University of Vermont, University of the Virgin Islands, Virginia Polytechnic Inst. & State U, Washington State University, West Virginia University, University of Wisconsin, and University of Wyoming. See 1st Morrill Act (1862), and Land grant(s); land grant institution(s); land grant university(ies); land grant college(s); land grant colleges and/or universities.


1890 Extension (7 U.S.C. § 3221(a))

Under Sec. 1444 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (Title XIV of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977), as amended by Sec. 7203(a) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002formula funds allocated to the 1890 land grant institutions, Tuskegee University, and West Virginia State University at 15% of the Smith-Lever funds allocated to the state of the eligible institution to be used for agricultural extension programs to assist diverse audiences, particularly those who have limited social and economic resources, to improve their access to positive opportunities through outreach education. (Tuskegee and Alabama A&M get allocations as though they are in separate states). A nonfederal match is required (to rise 10% per year from 50% in FY2003 to 100% in FY2007), although the Secretary may waive the match above 50% if an institution demonstrates that it is incapable of meeting that requirement. The CSREES administers this program.


1890 Facilities

As authorized by the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (Sec. 1447), a facilities and equipment acquisition and improvement program for 1890 institutions.


1890 Institution Teaching and Research Capacity Building Grants Program

Authorized by Sec. 1417 (b)(4) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. § 3152 (b)(4)), this program is designed to stimulate the development of high-quality teaching and research programs at the 1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities and Tuskegee University, and to build their capacities as full partners within the USDA Research, Education, and Economics mission area.


1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities and Tuskegee University

Historically Black land grant colleges and universities. Through the Act of August 30, 1890, and several other authorities, these institutions may receive federal funds for agricultural research, extension, and teaching. The Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2002 (Sec. 753) made West Virginia State College eligible to receive funds otherwise available to colleges and universities through the Act of August 30, 1890. See 2nd Morrill Act (1890), Evans-Allen funds, and Land grant(s); land grant institution(s); land grant university(ies); land grant college(s); land grant colleges and/or universities.


1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities and Tuskegee University (and West Virginia State University)

Historically Black land grant colleges and universities. Through the Act of August 30, 1890, and several other authorities, these institutions may receive federal funds for agricultural research, extension, and teaching. The Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2002 (Sec. 753) made West Virginia State University eligible to receive funds otherwise available to colleges and universities through the Act of August 30, 1890. See 1890(s); 1890 land grant(s); 1890 institutions, 2nd Morrill Act (1890), Evans-Allen (formula) funds, and Land grant(s); land grant institution(s); land grant university(ies); land grant college(s); land grant colleges and/or universities.


1890 National Scholars Program

In cooperation with the 1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities and Tuskegee University, the USDA conducts the 1890 National Scholars Program to attract outstanding minority students to careers in agriculture.


1890 State Extension Service

The extension service of the 18 designated 1890 land grant institutions responsible for disseminating and interpreting research information. See 1890 Extension.


1890(s); 1890 land grant(s); 1890 institutions

Institutions eligible to receive funds under the 2nd Morrill Act. The 1890 institutions are Alabama A & M University, Tuskegee University (AL), University of Arkansas – Pine Bluff, Delaware State University, Florida A & M University, Fort Valley State University (GA), Kentucky State University, Southern University (LA), University of Maryland – Eastern Shore, Alcorn State University (MS), Lincoln University (MO), North Carolina A & T State University, Langston University (OK), South Carolina State University, Tennessee State University, Prairie View A & M University (TX), Virginia State University, and West Virginia State University. See 1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities and Tuskegee University (and West Virginia State University), 2nd Morrill Act (1890), and Land grant(s); land grant institution(s); land grant university(ies); land grant college(s); land grant colleges and/or universities.


1992 Blair House Memorandum of Understanding on Oilseeds (Blair House Agreement)

A compromise settlement between the U.S. and the European Union on an agricultural trade structure to rescue the possible collapse of the Uruguay Round of talks within the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Under the agreement, EU planting of oilseeds for food purposes are limited to a maximum guaranteed area for producers benefitting from crop-specific oilseeds payments. The agreement limits the EU oilseeds production area and penalizes overproduction. The Blair House Agreement is contained in the EU’s World Trade Organization schedule of commitments and resolved a GATT dispute over EU domestic support programs that impaired access to the EU oilseeds market.


1992 Maastricht Treaty on European Union Agreement (Maastricht Treaty)

The Treaty on European Union, known as the Maastricht Treaty, was signed at Maastricht, the Netherlands, on February 7, 1992. The treaty amended the Treaty of Rome, which established the European Economic Community in 1957, and radically restructured the EC, formally established the European Union, and committed the EU to economic and monetary union by 1999 at the latest.


1994 Land grant colleges (institutions)

Common name given to the 33 Native American tribal colleges that were accorded land grant status by the Improving America’s Schools Act of 1994 (P.L. 103-382, Title V, Part A; signed into law October 20, 1994), as amended. The Act established an endowment fund from which the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES) takes the annual income and distributes it to the Colleges – 40 percent in equal shares and 60 percent on the basis of Native American student enrollment at each institution. In addition, the Act authorizes appropriations to support grants for curriculum, faculty, and equipment improvement. The Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (Secs. 7126-7128 and 7201) amends and reauthorizes the program until 2007. The 1994 land grant colleges are: Bay Mills Community College (MI), Blackfeet Community College (MT), Cankdeska Cikana Community College (ND), Chief Dull Knife College (MT), College of Menominee Nation (WI), Crownpoint Institute of Technology (NM), D-Q University (CA), Diné College AZ), Fond du Lac Tribal and Community College (MN), Fort Belknap College (MT), Fort Berthold Community College (ND), Fort Peck Community College (MT), Haskell Indian Nations University (KS), Institute of American Indian Arts and Alaska Native Culture and Arts Development (NM), Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwa Community College (WI), Leech Lake Tribal College (MN), Little Big Horn College (MT), Little Priest Tribal College (NE), Nebraska Indian Community College (NE), Northwest Indian College (WA), Oglala Lakota College (SD), Saginaw Chippewa Tribal College (MI), Salish Kootenai College (MT), Si Tanka University (SD), Sinte Gleska University (SD), Sisseton Wahpeton Community College (SD), Sitting Bull College (ND), Southwestern Indian Polytechnic Institute (NM), Stone Child College (MT), Tohono O’odham Community College (AZ), Turtle Mountain Community College (ND), United Tribes Technical College (ND), and White Earth Tribal and Community College (MN). See Equity in Educational Land Grant Status Act of 1994, Tribal College and University Essential Community Facilities, Tribal Colleges Education Equity Grants Program, Tribal Colleges Education Equity Grants Program, and Tribal Colleges Research Grants Program (TCR).


1998 Flood Compensation Program (FCP)

Authorized by the Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, FY1999, the program compensated producers for the loss of cropland or pastureland due to unusual, long-term flooding during the period from October 1, 1997, through September 30, 1998. The land must have been in a county that was declared a disaster area under a Presidential declaration or Secretarial designation. Applicants for assistance must have owned or had a binding cash lease on the property, and must have owned or leased it continuously since October 1, 1997. Payments could not exceed $40,000 per producer. See 2000 Flood Compensation Program (FCP).


1999 Livestock Indemnity Program (LIP), Phase I

The Livestock Indemnity Program authorized by provisions of the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, FY1999, which made $3 million available to the implement the program for qualifying livestock losses occurring in the period beginning on May 2, 1998, and ending on May 21, 1999. The legislation specified that the covered losses had to be due to natural disasters declared by the President or Secretary of Agriculture, that the request for qualifying declaration had to be submitted by May 21, 1999, and that, to the extent practicable, benefits had to be provided in a manner similar to that used for the livestock indemnity programs carried out by the USDA during 1997 and 1998. Also, the legislation specified that benefits under the program would be subject, to the extent practicable, to a gross incomemeans test and payment limitations.


1999 Livestock Indemnity Program (LIP), Phase II

The Livestock Indemnity Program authorized by the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2000 (Secs. 801 and 805) that extended benefits for losses that occurred in that part of 1999 not covered by1999 Livestock Indemnity Program, Phase I (May 22, 1999, and December 31, 1999, inclusive).


1st Morrill Act (1862) (7 U.S.C. §§ 301 et seq.)

Signed into law July 2, 1862. The Act creating the first land grant universities in each state and territory for the purpose of providing college-level instruction of agricultural and mechanical arts, as well as of the classics and military tactics, to the common man in order to prepare them for the “professions of life.”


1st Morrill Act (1862) (7 U.S.C. §§ 301 et seq.)

Institutions eligible to receive funds under the Act of July 2, 1862. See 1st Morrill Act (1862) and Land grant(s); land grant institution(s); land grant university(ies); land grant college(s); land grant colleges and/or universities.